Ilha Grande: History, Nature, and Adventures in a Carioca Paradise

Ilha Grande

Located on the southern coast of Rio de Janeiro, in the municipality of Angra dos Reis, Ilha Grande is a true natural refuge surrounded by crystal-clear waters, lush trails, and rich history. What is now one of Brazil’s most sought-after destinations was once the setting for legends, prisons, and discoveries that shaped its unique character.

A Past Full of Stories

The history of Ilha Grande begins long before tourism. During the colonial period, it served as a refuge for pirates and smugglers who used its hidden coves to attack Portuguese ships. In the 19th century, the island went through several phases: it hosted coffee plantations, a lazaretto (a quarantine hospital for immigrants), and later the famous Cândido Mendes prison, which operated until 1994. It was only after the prison closed that the island was reborn as a tourist destination. Free from restrictions and surrounded by untouched nature, Ilha Grande became an ecological sanctuary, preserving about 60% of its original Atlantic Forest.

Lagoa Azul

Boat Tour: The Best Way to Explore

There’s no way to truly experience Ilha Grande without a boat tour. Schooners and motorboats depart daily from Vila do Abraão, the starting point for most adventures. Each route reveals paradisiacal beaches and breathtaking spots, such as Lagoa Azul, Lagoa Verde, Lopes Mendes Beach, and Praia do Aventureiro, famous for its leaning coconut tree, an iconic postcard of the island. The tour is a true immersion in the colors of the sea and the island’s vibrant energy. Stops for swimming, snorkeling, and photos are essential, as it’s impossible to resist such natural beauty.

Gruta do Acaiá

Acaiá Cave: The Underground Spectacle

One of the most fascinating spots on the island is Acaiá Cave, an underground cavern where sunlight enters through a narrow opening and creates a stunning luminous effect, making the water glow in deep shades of blue. Access is by boat and a narrow descent, but the experience is worth every step. It’s a natural spectacle that feels like it belongs to another world.

Papagaio Peak Trail: Adventure in the Heights

For ecotourism enthusiasts, the Papagaio Peak Trail is one of Ilha Grande’s most unforgettable experiences. Spanning about 11 kilometers of steep ascent through dense forest, the hike is physically demanding but rewards travelers with one of the most breathtaking views of the Rio de Janeiro coastline. From the summit at 982 meters, you can see Angra dos Reis, Paraty, and even the Serra do Mar on clear days.

An Invitation to Discovery

Ilha Grande is a destination that perfectly blends nature, history, and adventure. Every beach, trail, or cave holds a piece of the island’s soul, where time seems to move at a different pace. Visiting the island is more than just a trip; it is a transformative experience. Whether sailing its waters, exploring its trails, or simply relaxing on the sand, Ilha Grande invites everyone to discover one of Brazil’s most magical places.